Volume-6 Issue-4

S. No

Volume-6 Issue-4, September 2017, ISSN:  2277-3878 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. 

Page No.

1.

Authors:

Abu Hasan, Showkat Iqbal Maharaj, Md. Golam Kibria, F.M. Mahmud Hasan

Paper Title:

Performance Evaluation of MS Tube Coupler on Axial Load Capacity of Column

Abstract: This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the axial load behavior of small scale reinforced concrete square columns with tube coupler, where this material represents a relatively new technology, as a solution to overcome the lapping problems. Therefore, a total of 18 columns (550 mm ×150 mm×150 mm size) were tested under compressive axial static loading. All columns had 4-Φ10 mm rebar as main reinforcement and Φ8 mm as transverse reinforcement at 100 mm center to center spacing along the column. The major parameters included in this research were the joining types of main reinforcement, such as solid rebar, lapping of rebar and coupling of rebar. Test results exhibited that the cracking loads and failure loads of column were higher in the column made with coupling of rebar compared to lapping but slightly lower than the solid rebar. In addition, axial deformations and rate of deformation were almost similar in both types of columns using solid rebar and coupler in rebar. So, it can be stated, on the basis of the test results, that uses of tube coupler in rebar rather than lap splice is more expedient to increase the capacity of column.

Keywords: tube coupler, lapping, cracking load, failure load, axial deformation

References:
1.       ACI Committee 318, (2008), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary, American Concrete Institute.
2.       S. P. Rowell, and K. P. Hager, “Investigation of the Dynamic Performance of Large Reinforcement Bar Mechanical Couplers”, ASCE journal, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1061/41130(369)187
3.       Masterbuilder, Reinforcement Bar Couplers: The Technology for Present & Future, 13 April 2015. https://www.masterbuilder.co.in/reinforcement-bar-couplers-the-technology-for present-future/
4.       V. Jokūbaitis and L. Juknevičius, (2010), “Influence of Reinforcement Couplers on the Cracking of Reinforced Concrete Members”. The 10th International Conference on Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Lithuania, pp. 646-650, 2010.
5.       C. Neeladharan, M. T. Rahman, A. Shajahan, S. H. Javaad, K. J. Saquib, “Behaviour of Mechanical Coupler in Reinforcement,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 6774-6781, 2017. DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2017.0604096
6.       S.N. Harinkhede, G.S. Supekar, S.B. Ingavale, V.V. Wagaralkar, A.S. Narwade, and S.M. Dhomse, “Investigation of New Techniques in Mechanical Coupler as An Alternative Splices”, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 1039-1041, 2016.
7.       P. S. Swami, S. B. Javheri, D. L. Mittapalli, and P. N.  Kore,“Use of Mechanical Splices for Reinforcing Steel,” International Journal of Innovation in Engineering, Research and Technology, pp. 1-6, 2016.    [National Conference on Innovative Trends in Engineering & Technology-2016]
8.       R. Singh, S. K. Himanshu, and N. Bhalla, “Reinforcement Couplers as an Alternative to Lap Splices: A Case Study,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1-6, 2013.
9.       S. B. Jain, N. Naik, M. Andelimath, V. S. Hosagoudar, and H. G., Manasa, “Use of Mechanical Threaded Coupler in Steel Reinforcement”, International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, vol. 7, no. 5, 11284-11286, 2017.

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2.

Authors:

Anusha Sanga, Shweta Shinde, Suraj Shaha

Paper Title:

Fruit Sorting Robotic Arm Based on Image Processing

Abstract:  This paper present the smart approach of sorting the fruit. This food sorting system is based on image processing and it gives us various information like color, shape, size, defect, etc of fruit. In today’s world image processing grabs exceptionally large attention it possibilities of widen application in many field of higher technology. The system consist of one digital USB camera, personal computer, PIC micro-controller, DC motor. The samples of different fruits are situated in front of camera and are calibrated off line and stored in different storage. A regular USB digital camera was used to acquire the images and all process were in matlab environment. The performance of system strongly depends on the thresholds used, although optimal thresholds tend to vary with images but developed method did not require an adjustment of threshold values for fruit detection from each image because image segmentation was conducted based on classification models generated in accordance with the color, shape, texture and size of the images. The DC motor is used for the movement of the robotic arm. Manual method is slow, costly and also lacks reliability and objectivity required in competitive food industries. In this project embedded system is designed for multi sorting and it is implemented through Matlab. External inspection is done through image processing. The system utilizes image-processing techniques to classify and grade fruits.

Keywords:  PIC Microcontroller, MATLAB GUI, Robotic system, Camera, Image processing 

References:
1.    “A Fruit Quality Management System Based On Image Processing”, Ms. Rupal, S. Jadhav, PROF. S.S.Patil.
2.    “A Review on Fruit Grading Systems for Quality Inspection” R. Swarna Lakshmi, B. Kanchanadevi
3.    ”Feature extraction methods For color Image similarity”, R. Venkata Ramana hary, Dr. D. Rajya     Lakshmi and Dr. K.V.N Sunitha4.    “ Object Sorting Robot Using Image Processing” Lekha Bhausaheb Kachare ME (E & TC)in  VLSI & Embedded system G.H. Raisoni COEM, Ahmednagar, India.
5.    Fruits Sorting and Grading Based on Color and Size Unmesh Shashikant Sagare, Assoc. Prof. Sunil N. Kore.

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3.

Authors:

Manish, Rajesh, Adarsh Bhoria, Shailesh Kumar Pandey

Paper Title:

Friction Stir Processing of Aluminum Alloys (6063): A Review

Abstract:  As we know aluminum and its different kinds of alloys are suffering from different kind of confines like high strength, cost, time used in production and also reduction in ductility.Material having fine and homogenous grain structure accompanied high ductility and high strength. That is why there is requirement arises from the development of a new and different technique which is useful to produce a material with a fine grain structure, high wear strength, ductility and fine grain structure. FSP (Friction Stir Processing) is a fresh and new method, but still in the research phase.

Keywords: Friction Stir Processing, Principal, Aluminum alloy, Rotational speed, Microstructure

References:
1.       Kwon, I. Shigematsu and N. Saito. (2003) “Mechanical properties of fine-grained aluminum alloy produced by friction stir process”. Scripta Materialia, 49,pp. 785-789.
2.       Santella, M.L, Engstrom, T, Storjohann, D, Pan, T.Y. (2005) “Effects of friction stir processing on mechanical properties of the cast aluminum alloys.3.       D. M. Darras, M. K. Khaishesh, F. K abu-Faraha and M. A. Omar (2015) “Friction stir processing of commercial AZ 31 magnesium alloy”.
4.       Thomas, W.M., Nicholas, E.D., Kallee, S.W., “Friction based technologies for joining and Processing”, Friction Stir Welding and Processing, Edited by K.V. Jata, M.W. Mahoney,
5.       R.S. Mishra, S.L. Semiatin, and D.P. Field, TMS, 2001, Pages 3-13
6.       Mishra, R.S and Mahoney, M.W, “Friction Stir Processing: A New Grain Refinement Technique in Commercial Alloys”, Materials Science Forum, 2001, Volumes357-359, Pages 507-514
7.       Y. S. Sato, Y. Kurihara, S. H. C. Park, H. Kokawa and N. Tsuji , “Friction stir welding of Ultrafine grained Al alloy 1100 produced by accumulative roll-bonding”, Scripta Materialia, Volume 50, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 57-60
8.       Thomas, W.M., Nicholas, E.D., Smith, S.D., “Friction stir welding- tool developments”, Aluminum Joining Symposiums, 2001 TMS Annual Meeting, 11-15.
9.       Mishra, R.S., Mahoney, M.W., McFadden, S.X., Mara, N.A., Mukherjee, A.K., 1999.
10.    “High strain superplasticity in a friction stir processed 7075 Al alloy” Scripta Materialia 42
11.    Z. Y. Ma, R. S. Mishra and M. W. Mahoney, “Superplastic deformation behavior of friction Stir processed 7075Al alloy” Acta Materialia, October 2002, Volume 50, Issue 17,
12.    Karthikeyan, L., Senthilkumar, V.S., Balasubramanian, V., Natarajan, S. (2009) “Mechanical property and microstructural changes during friction stir processing of cast aluminum 2285 alloy” Materials and Design,
13.    Sharma, S.R., Ma, Z.Y and Mishra, R.S. (2004) “Effect of friction stirs processing on the fatigue behavior of A356 alloy”, Cavalierea (2006) et al. Elangovan and Balasubramanian (2007) et al.
14.    Magdy, M.L. and Ehab, A.E. (2012) “The influence of multi-pass friction stir processing on the microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 6082”,

11-13

4.

Authors:

Trupti Ontagodi, G. R. Deeba Lakshmi

Paper Title:

An Energy Efficient Scheme for Secure Data Aggregation in Cluster Based Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract: Wireless sensing networks have obtained responsiveness throughout the world from last many years because of the progress that had been made in wireless communication. WSN devices are laptops, PDAs, mobile phone and simple sensing devices. But now the devices are in constrictions with relations like power, memory, efficiency and communication abilities because of various causes. WSN are used in saleable and manufacturing area like environment checking, habitat nursing, hospital, bank, police department as there is increase use in wireless sensing network in day to day life. In contract to this it face a lot of issues in terms of battery life time. In the proposed system we are using RSA technique for key generation and PAM for the energy Consumption. Using RSA we can authenticate it successfully and using PAM algorithm form the clusters effectively for minimizing energy consumption. In this way proposed system provides the improved performance in terms of Network throughput, energy consumption and delay.

Keywords:  wireless sensor network (WSN), Energy, PAM (partion around medoid), RSA

References:
1.     Hsueh, Ching-Tsung, Chih-Yu Wen, and Yen Chieh  Ouyang. “A Secure Scheme Against Power Exhausting   Attacks in Hierarchical Wireless Sensing    Networks”, IEEE   Sensing s Journal,  2015.
2.     W. Ye, J. Heidemann, and D. Estrin, “An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensing  networks,” in Proc. 21st Annu. Joint  Conf. IEEE Comput. Commun.  Soc. (INFOCOM), Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2002, vol. 3, pp. 1567-1576.
3.     Perrig, R. Szewczyk, J. D. Tygar, V. Wen, and D. E.   Culler, “SPINS: Security protocols for sensing  networks,” Wireless Netw., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 521-534, 2002.
4.     K.-T. Chu, C.-Y. Wen, Y.-C. Ouyang, and W. A. Sethares,  “Adaptive distributed topology control for wireless  ad-hoc sensing  networks,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Sensing  Technol. Appl. (Sensing  Comm), Valencia, Spain,2007, pp. 378–386.
5.     Hsueh, Ching-Tsung, Chih-Yu Wen, and Yen-Chieh Ouyang. “A secure scheme for power exhausting attacks in wireless sensing  networks”, 2011 Third International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), 2011

14-17

5.

Authors:

C. E. Ezendiokwelu, J. C. Onuegbu, B. A. Odufuwa

Paper Title:

Power Generation Investment and Electricity Pricing in Deregulated Energy Markets

Abstract: This paper discusses deregulated electricity markets with a focus on highlighting the factors that have constrained generation investments, kept prices up and possible ways of mitigating them. The pricing structures adopted in electricity markets were ex-rayed and comparisons of generation investment mix were made between case nations to ascertain effectiveness. This study concludes that a wholesale competitive market, cost reflective pricing and right generation mix are essential for improved electricity availability, reliability and sustainability.

Keywords:   Electricity Market, Deregulation, Generation Capacity, Electricity supply and demand, Wholesale

References:
1.       Crew S., Michael A. and Kleinforder P. (2006), “Peak Load Pricing with Diverse Technology,” Bell Journal of Economics, 7(1): 207-231.
2.       Hattori T, Tsutsui M “Economic impact of regulatory reforms in the electricity supply industry: a panel data analysis for OECD countries”, Energy Policy 32 (2004) 823–832.
3.       Joskow, P.L. (2006), “Competitive Electricity Markets and Investment in New Generating Capacity”, MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Research, June 12, 2006.
4.       Joskow, P.L. (2006), “Markets for Power in the U.S.: An Interim Assessment,” The Energy Journal, 27(1): 1-36.
5.       KPMG Global Energy Institute “Energy Report: Philippines 2013- 2014 Edition”, http://www.kpmg.com/energyaspac .
6.       Latham and Watkins, Client Alert White Paper on “Nigeria Power Sector Opportunities and Challenges for Investment in 2016” Feb 23, 2016, No 1930 Pp. 1-15.
7.       Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC), “Multi-Year Tariff Order 2”, June 1, 2012.
8.       PWC Indonesia “Power in Indonesia: Investment and Taxation Guide”, Third Edition August 2015. http://www.pwc.com/id .
9.       Streimikiene, D., Bruneckiene, J., Cibinskiene, A. (2013), “The Review of Electricity Market Liberalization Impacts on Electricity Prices”, Transformations in Business & Economics, Vol. 12, No 3 (30), pp.40-60.
10.    Steven Stoft “Power System Economics – Designing Market for Electricity” IEEE Press & Wiley-Interscience Publication 2002.

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6.

Authors:

Alpyspayeva Gal’ya Aitpaevna, Sayakhimova Sholpan Nazarbekovna

Paper Title:

Cultural Space of Astana: Symbolic Content Peculiarities

Abstract:  The article «CULTURAL SPACE OF ASTANA: SYMBOLIC CONTENT PECULIARITIES» considers the scientific problem of filling the cultural space of the city of Astana, capital of Kazakhstan today, by the symbols of the era. The choice of the subject of the article is not only due to its relevance, but the research experience of the authors as well. As the object of research is the city itself, the subject of this study is the cultural space of the city and its symbolic content. The scientific base of the research consists of written, cartographic, statistical sources from the archives funds of Kazakhstan, as well as field research materials. In the methodological part of the investigation the authors focused on the cultural approach to the study of urban culture.

Keywords: city, Astana, cultural space, symbols, urban culture, monuments, architecture of the city.

References:
1.       Orlova E.A. Modern urban culture and people. Chief Ed. A.I.Arnoldov. M.: H Science, 1987. 191 p.
2.       Alexander C., Buchli V. Introduction // C. Alexander, V. Buchli, C. Humprey. (eds.). Urban Life in Post-Soviet Asia. L.: UCL Press, 2007. P. 1–39.
3.       Rezun D.Ya. Siberian city of the XVII and the first half of the nineteenth centuries as the phenomenon of Russian culture // Cultural Studies in Siberia. 2003. № 2 (10). - pp. 21-26.
4.       Alisov D.A. Actual problems of cultural city // EIS. 1999.№1.-S. 4-16; Steppe Capital Territory: the socio-cultural aspect of the city of Omsk population in the late XIX - early XX centuries. // Cultural Studies in Siberia. 2003. № 2 (10). - P. 13-19.
5.       Ryzhenko B. Soviet city space: theoretical concepts, regional socio-cultural and historical-cultural characteristics (on the sample of Western Siberia) / V. Nazimova, D. Alisov Omsk, 2004. - 234 p (1920-1950-ies.).
6.       Alisov D.A. The urban culture of the Middle Irtysh region in the XIXth and early XXth centuries/Chief Ed. M.E. Budarin. Monograph. Omsk: Publishing House of the Omsk State Pedagogical University Press, 2000. - 201 p.
7.       Baipakov K.M. The city and the steppe in ancient times: sedentary life and agriculture in Saks and Usuns in Zhetysu // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Series of social science. 2008. № 1 (254). - P. 3-25.
8.       Medeuova K.A. Astana: cultural and anthropological horizons of the new capital of Kazakhstan // Eurasia. 2004. № 3. - P. 75-79;
9.       Syrgakbaeva AS Astana as a symbol of Kazakhstan // XX century: the transfer of the capital. Proceedings of the international scientific conference. Astana: Elorda, 2008.- P.260-270;
10.    Zabirova A. Rodionov A. Architecture monuments of Astana as a symbol of the national identity of Kazakhstan // Sayasat. 2007. №7. - P.55-58.
11.    Kosmarskaya N.P. Antropological forum. No 12. P. 74-85.
12.    State archive of Astana. F. 32. Op. 10. D. 1165. Р. 91.
13.    State archive of Astana. F. 170. Op. 1.  D. 44. Р. 16.
14.    Dorr E. Contested Urban Space: Symbolizing Power and Identity in the City of Albuquerque, USA // A. Erdentug, F. Colombijn (eds.). Urban Ethnic Encounters: Spatial Consequences. L.; N.Y.: Routledge, 2002. P. 209–225.
15.    Medeuova K.A. Mass media in the system of political institutes: the theory and practice. Astana, 2010
16.    Graves I.M. History in regional studies// Regional studies. 1926. №4. - P.14-23.

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7.

Authors:

Paper Title:

Abstract: India has been a late market for automobiles; passenger cars were a luxury for the general Indian population until the last two decades. This has caused a rapid increase in the number of automobiles in India is the rise in the amount of pollutants and other harmful gases and the continuous and ever going quest to obtain the fossil fuels required to fulfil the need for the people and their automobiles.  This paper mainly deals with the range simulation using MATLAB which is required for the retrofitting of normal vehicles to reduce their carbon footprint and fossil fuel consumption to hybrid or purely electrical vehicles which would be affordable and familiar in use to an average person and how different parameters can cause a variation in range of the electric vehicle. This paper deals how parameters like battery type, rolling resistance, drag coefficient, frontal area etc. affect the overall driving range of an electric vehicle.

 Index Terms: Range simulation, Weight of vehicle, Frontal area, power consumption, Transmission efficiency, rolling resistance.

REFERENCES

1. James Larminie and John Lowry (2003) ‘Electric Vehicle Technology Explained‘ 213-239
2. Stephanie Diaz (2012) ‘Protodrive: Simulation of electric vehicle Powertrains’ NSF Summer Undergraduate Fellowship in Sensor Technologies, pp. 7-16
3. David McDonald, (2012) ‘Electric Vehicle Drive Simulation with MATLAB/Simulink’, LSSU Sault Ste Marie, pp. 2-15
4. A. T. Mohd, M. K. Hassan, Ishak Aris, A. Che Soh, B. S. K. K. Ibrahim, and M. K. Hat, (2006), ‘Simulation Based Study Of Electric Vehicle Parameters’ ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, pp. 1-4
5. TAT Mohd, MK Hassan, W Aziz, (2014), ‘Mathematical Modelling And Simulation Of Electric Vehicle Using Matlab-Simulink’, International Conference on Automotive Innovation and Green Energy Vehicle (AiGEV 2014), pp. 2-5
6. David Wenzhong Gao, Chris Mi, and Ali Emadi, (2007), ‘Modeling and Simulation of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles’, Proceedings of the IEEE, pp.2-7
7. Erik Schaltz, (2011),’Electrical Vehicle Design and Modeling’, Aalborg University, pp. 2-15
8. Jaber, A. Fakhfakh and R. Neji, (2011),’Modeling and Simulation of High Performance Electrical Vehicle Powertrains in VHDL-AMS’, National School of Engineers, pp 2-7
9. Wawrzyniec Gołębiewski and Tomasz Stoeck, (2016),’ Theoretical Evaluation of Relationships between Tire Energy Efficiency Class and Fuel Consumption of a Passenger Car According to NEDC’, Department of Automotive Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, pp.4,5
10. Saeid Haghbin, Ali Rabiei and Emma Grunditz, (2013), ‘Switched reluctance motor in electric or hybrid vehicle applications’ Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), 2013 8th IEEE Conference

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8.

Authors:

Paper Title:

Abstract: An effective defect detection scheme for textile fabrics is designed in this paper. Interestingly, this approach is particularly useful for patterned fabric. In the proposed method, firstly, Local Derivative Pattern(LDP) is adjusted to match with the texture information of non-defective fabric image via genetic algorithm. Secondly, adjusted optimal Gabor filter is used for detecting defects on defective fabric images and defective fabric images to be detected have the same texture background with corresponding defect-free fabric images. The novel high-order local pattern descriptor, local derivative pattern (LDP), for face recognition. LDP is to encode directional pattern features based on local derivative variations. The (n)th-order LDP is proposed to encode the (n-1)th-order local derivative direction variations, which can be more detailed information than the first-order local pattern used in local binary pattern (LBP). The significance of the proposed approach lies in selecting Gabor filter parameters with an abundance of choices to build the optimal Gabor filter and achieving accurate defect detection on patterned fabric. High success rate and accuracy with little computational time online are obtained in the defect detection on fabrics, which indicate that the suggested method can be put to use in practice.

Index Terms: Fabric Fault Detection, Local Derivative Pattern (LDP), Gabour Filter, Loacl Binary Pattern(LBP).

REFERENCES

1. Junfeng Jing, Xiaoting Fan, and Pengfei Li, “Automated Fabric Defect Detection Based on Multiple Gabor Filters and KPCA,” International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, Vol. 11, No.6 pp. 93-106, 2016.
2. Junfeng Jing, Panpan Yang, Pengfei Li and Xuejuan Kang, “Supervised defect detection on textile fabrics via optimal Gabor lter,” International Journal of Industrial Textiles, Vol. 44(1), pp. 4057, 2014.
3. Ben Salem, S. Nasri, “Woven Fabric Defects Detection based on Texture classification Algorithm,” 8th International Multi-Conference on Sysxtems, Signals & Devices, 2011.
4. Shobarani, Dr. S. Purushothaman, “Segmentation of Textile Textures using Contextual Clustering,” International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887), Vol. 35 No.5, December 2011.
5. Xuejuan Kang, Panpan Yang, Junfeng Jingr, “De-fect Detection on Printed Fabrics Via Gabor Filter and Regular Band,” Journal of Fiber Bioengineering and Informatics 8:1, pp. 195206, 2015.
6. Parul Parashar, Er. Harish Kundra, “Comparison of Various Image Classification Methods,” International Journal of Advances in Science and Technology (IJAST), Vol. 2, Issue I, March 2014.
7. Baochang Zhang, Yongsheng Gao, “Local Derivative Pattern Versus Local Binary Pattern: Face Recognition With High-Order Local Pattern Descriptor,” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 19, NO. 2, February 2010.
8. Kazm Hanbay, Muhammed Fatih Talu, Omer Faruk Ozgven, “Fabric defect detection systems and methods: A systematic literature review,” Op-tik 127, Vol. 17, pp. 1196011973, 2016.
9. Shweta Loonkar, Dhirendra Mishra, “A Survey-Defect Detection and Classification for Fabric Texture Defects in Textile Industry,” (IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, Vol. 13, No. 5, May 2015.

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