Volume-3 Issue-5

S. No

Volume-3 Issue-5, November- 2014, ISSN:  2277-3878 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd. 

Page No.

1.

Authors:

Rekha Jadhav

Paper Title:

Advanced Change Detection in Satellite Images using DWT

Abstract:  The detection of changes occurring on the earth surface through the use of multitemporal remote sensing images is one of the most important applications of remote sensing technology. In several applications (e.g disaster management, deforestation, crop development, urban growth), the remote sensing-based change detection using multitemporal satellite images is crucial. Particularly, in disaster management cases, the fast and accurate detection of affected regions in multitemporal images acquired at two different time instances, i.e., before and after the disaster, plays a very essential role in taking timely and appropriate decisions. In such cases the change detection method to produce the change results with almost no manual interventions in a reasonable time interval is very important. In this paper, a robust unsupervised change-detection method is proposed. Here, two multitemporal images are taken as input images, geometric and radiometric corrections are performed on one image relative to the other image. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied one both images and then image difference is taken by subtraction. Then features are extracted from difference image using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Changed and unchanged pixels are separated then by using k-means clustering algorithm with k=2.

Keywords:   Remote Sensing, Satellite Images, Change detection, Image differencing, Unsupervised Approach, DWT, PCA, k-means clustering

References:
1.     Turgay Celik and Kai-Kuang Ma, “Unsupervised Change Detection for Satellite Images Using Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience And Remote Sensing, Vol. 48, No. 3, March 2010.
2.     F. Bovolo and L. Bruzzone, “A theoretical framework for unsupervised change detection based on change vector analysis in the polar domain,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 218–236, Jan. 2007.
3.     T. Celik, “Unsupervised change detection in satellite images using principal component analysis and k-means clustering,” IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 772–776, Oct. 2009.
4.     L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, “Automatic analysis of the difference image for unsupervised change detection,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1171–1182, May 2000.
5.     Xuexia Chen, Lee Vierling, Don Deering, “A simple and effective radiometric correction method to improve landscape change detection across sensors and across time,” Remote Sensing of Environment 98 (2005) 63– 79
6.     Lt.Dr.S.Santhosh Baboo, M.Renuka Devi, “Geometric Correction in Recent High Resolution Satellite Imagery,” International Journal of Computer   Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 14– No.1, January 2011.7.     R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2006. 
8.     http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article- 351704/Dramatic-satellite-images-flood-ravaged-Uttarakhand-reveal-irrevocabledamage-region-forever-
altered-climatic-disaster.html

1-5

2.

Authors:

Eman Alzahrani

Paper Title:

Modification of Activated Carbon Prepared From Pigeon Pea Husks with Eriochrome Black T for Removal of Copper (II) Ions 

Abstract:  Wastewater pollution due to heavy metals is one of the most important problems facing humanity today. The current study showed a sensitive and effective method for removal of copper (Cu) from aqueous solutions using activated carbon (AC) modified with Eriochrome Black T (EBT). The AC was prepared from pigeon pea husks, since this is an abundant and inexpensive natural resource, using chemical activation with phosphoric acid solution (70%), then physically modified with EBT. Surface properties of the AC-EBT phase were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and Fourier transmission infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The high adsorption of AC-EBT is due to the well-developed pores on the fabricated AC-EBT, which lead to high Cu uptake, and the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 158.73 mg g-1 after 1 hour contact time. The experimental data fitted well to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Results demonstrated that AC-EBT would be a useful and valuable method for controlling water polluted with copper ions.

Keywords: Activated carbon; Copper ion; Eriochrome Black T; Pigeon pea husks.

References:
1.        Kazemipour, M., et al., Removal of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper from industrial wastewater by carbon developed from walnut, hazelnut, almond, pistachio shell, and apricot stone. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008. 150(2): p. 322-327.
2.        Renge, V., S. Khedkar, and S.V. Pande, Removal of heavy metals from waste water using low cost adsorbents: A Review. Sci. Revs. Chem. Commun, 2012. 2(4): p. 580-584.
3.        Rane, N., et al., Use of naturally available low cost adsorbents for removal of Cr (VI) from waste water. International Journal of Chemical Sciences and Applications, 2010. 1(2): p. 65-69.
4.        Farooq, U., et al., Biosorption of heavy metal ions using wheat based biosorbents – A review of the recent literature. Bioresource Technology, 2010. 101(14): p. 5043-5053.
5.        Larous, S., A.-H. Meniai, and M.B. Lehocine, Experimental study of the removal of copper from aqueous solutions by adsorption using sawdust. Desalination, 2005. 185(1): p. 483-490.
6.        Ejhieh, A.N. and M. Khorsandi, Photodecolorization of Eriochrome Black T using NiS–P zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Journal of hazardous materials, 2010. 176(1): p. 629-637.
7.        Misihairabgwi, J.M., et al., Adsorption of heavy metals by agroforestry waste derived activated carbons applied to aqueous solutions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2014. 13(14): p. 1579-1587.
8.        Sanchez-Polo, M. and J. Rivera-Utrilla, Adsorbent-adsorbate interactions in the adsorption of Cd (II) and Hg (II) on ozonized activated carbons. Environmental science & technology, 2002. 36(17): p. 3850-3854.
9.        de Luna, M.D.G., et al., Adsorption of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) dye using activated carbon prepared from waste rice hulls—Optimization, isotherm and kinetic studies. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2013. 44(4): p. 646-653.
10.     Kadirvelu, K., K. Thamaraiselvi, and C. Namasivayam, Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from an agricultural solid waste. Bioresource Technology, 2001. 76(1): p. 63-65.
11.     Imamoglu, M. and O. Tekir, Removal of copper (II) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon from a new precursor hazelnut husks. Desalination, 2008. 228(1): p. 108-113.
12.     Albishri, H.M., et al., Eriochrome Blue Black modified activated carbon as solid phase extractor for removal of Pb(II) ions from water samples. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.07.023.
13.     Gao, R., et al., Chemically modified activated carbon with 1-acylthiosemicarbazide for selective solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of trace Cu (II), Hg (II) and Pb (II) from water samples. Journal of hazardous materials, 2009. 172(1): p. 324-329.
14.     Monser, L. and N. Adhoum, Tartrazine modified activated carbon for the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009. 161(1): p. 263-269.
15.     Li, Z., et al., Zincon-modified activated carbon for solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of trace lead and chromium from environmental samples. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009. 166(1): p. 133-137.
16.     Li, Z., et al., Chemically-modified activated carbon with ethylenediamine for selective solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of metal ions. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2009. 632(2): p. 272-277.
17.     Dave, P.N., S. Kaur, and E. Khosla, Removal of Eriochrome black-T by adsorption on to eucalyptus bark using green technology. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 2011. 18(1): p. 53-60.
18.     Bickerdike, E.L. and H.H. Willard, Dimethylglyoxime for Determination of Nickel in Large Amounts. Analytical Chemistry, 1952. 24(6): p. 1026-1026.
19.     Krishna, R.H. and A. Swamy, Studies on the removal of Ni (II) from aqueous solutions using powder of mosambi fruit peelings as a low cost sorbent. Chem Sci J CSJ, 2011. 31: p. 1-13.
20.     Dias, J.M., et al., Waste materials for activated carbon preparation and its use in aqueous-phase treatment: a review. Journal of Environmental Management, 2007. 85(4): p. 833-846.
21.     Ahmedna, M., W. Marshall, and R. Rao, Production of granular activated carbons from select agricultural by-products and evaluation of their physical, chemical and adsorption properties. Bioresource technology, 2000. 71(2): p. 113-123.
22.     Maciá-Agulló, J., et al., Activation of coal tar pitch carbon fibres: physical activation vs. chemical activation. Carbon, 2004. 42(7): p. 1367-1370.
23.     Zhao, J.F., et al., Spectrophotometric titration of iron using eriochrome blue black R and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Instrumentation Science &Technology, 2004. 32(1): p. 77-91.
24.     Cuhadaroglu, D. and O.A. Uygun, Production and characterization of activated carbon from a bituminous coal by chemical activation. African Journal of
Biotechnology, 2008. 7(20): p. 3703-3710.
25.     Yang, T. and A.C. Lua, Characteristics of activated carbons prepared from pistachio-nut shells by physical activation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,
2003. 267(2): p. 408-417.
26.     Sun, Y., et al., Enhanced adsorption of chromium onto activated carbon by microwave-assisted H3PO4 mixed with Fe/Al/Mn activation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014. 265: p. 191-200.
27.     Matsuhiro, B. and P. Rivas, Second-derivative Fourier transform infrared spectra of seaweed galactans. Journal of applied phycology, 1993. 5(1): p. 45-51.
28.     Barka, N., M. Abdennouri, and M.E.L. Makhfouk, Removal of Methylene Blue and Eriochrome Black T from aqueous solutions by biosorption on Scolymus hispanicus L.: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2011. 42(2): p. 320-326.
29.     Ho, Y.-S., Removal of copper ions from aqueous solution by tree fern. Water Research, 2003. 37(10): p. 2323-2330.
30.     Hall, K., et al., Pore-and solid-diffusion kinetics in fixed-bed adsorption under constant-pattern conditions. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 1966. 5(2): p. 212-223.

6-10

3.

Authors:

K. Jeswanth Singh, B. Vamsi Krishna

Paper Title:

Design and Implementation of Modified Booth Encoder Multiplier using Carry Select Adder

Abstract:  Booth encoded Multiplier is used to reduce the hardware utilization in chip level designing in VLSI projects. The present project is focusing on designing and developing a powerful Booth encoded multiplier integrated with Carry Select Adder [CSLA]. Primarily the on hand Booth encoding multiplier is used in multiplication operations based on signed numbers only. The multipliers such as braun array multiplier and array multiplier are used for multiplication operation which is based on unsigned number. There is no specific method to do the multiplication operations based on signed and unsigned numbers. The current project is focusing on design and development of a novel booth multiplier which is enhanced with signed bit operands to produce half the partial products in parallel. Current paper is also concentrating to increase the speed of the multiplier operations by using a method called Carry Select Adder. The use of these integrated technologies is going to reduce the time for multiplication of signed and unsigned numbered operations. The original or modified Booth Encoder Multiplier with Carry Select Adder aims at utilize minimum hardware, reduced chip area, low power dissipation and reduced cost of system.

Keywords:   Carry Select Adder [CSLA], Modified Booth Multiplier, Xilinx, verilog 

References:
1.     Chi-hau Chen (1988). Signal processing handbook. CRC Press. p. 234. ISBN 978 -0 -8247 -7956 - 6.
2.     Meng Zhang, Tianyu Feng, Xintong Li and Ming Gao [2009] Booth Encoding Multiplier
3.     Nahid Rahman & Ruida Yun [2009] Booth Encoded Wallace-tree multiplier
4.     Shaik.Kalisha Baba, D.Rajaramesh [2013] Design and Implementation of Advanced Modified Booth Encoding Multiplier published in International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 6726
5.     S. J. Jou, M.-H. Tsai, and Y.-L. Tsao, “Low-error reducedwidth Booth multipliers for DSP applications,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Fudam. Theory Appl., vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 1470–1474, Nov. 2003.
6.     Jiun-Ping Wang, Shiann-Rong Kuang, Member, IEEE, and Shish-Chang Liang, “High-Accuracy Fixed-Width Modified Booth Multipliers for Lossy Applications” IEEE transaction on VLSI system, VOL. 19, NO. 1, JANUARY 2011
7.     K.-J. Cho, K.-C. Lee, J.-G. Chung, and K. K. Parhi, “Design of low error fixed-width modified Booth multiplier,” IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 522–531, May 2004.
8.     M.-A. Song, L.-D. Van, and S.-Y. Kuo, “Adaptive low-error fixed width Booth multipliers,” IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, vol. E90-A, no. 6, pp. 1180–1187, Jun. 2007.

11-14

4.

Authors:

Aditi Bansal, Ankita Deshpande, Priyanka Ghare, Seema Dhikale, Balaji Bodkhe

Paper Title:

Healthcare Data Analysis using Dynamic Slot Allocation in Hadoop

Abstract:  In this new era of big data even health care needs to be modernized, this includes that the health care data should be properly analyzed so that we can deduce that in which group or gender, diseases attack the most. This gigantic size of analytics will need large computation which can be done with help of distributed processing, Hadoop. MapReduce, a popular computing paradigm for large-scale data processing in cloud computing. However, the slot-base MapReduce system (e.g., Hadoop MRv1) due to its unoptimized resource allocation, can suffer from poor performance.  To address it, the framework in this paper optimizes the resource allocation. Due to the static pre-configuration of distinct map slots and reduce slots which are not fungible, many a times slots can be severely under-utilized. This is because map slots might be fully utilized while reduce slots may remain empty, and vice-versa. We propose an alternative technique called Dynamic Hadoop Slot Allocation by keeping the slot-based allocation model. It relaxes the slot allocation constraint and allows slots to be reallocated to either map or reduce tasks depending on their needs. The framework’s use will provide multipurpose beneficial outputs which include: getting the health care analysis in various forms. Thus this concept of analytics should be implemented with a view of future use.

Keywords:   Big data, Hadoop, MapReduce, Slot Allocation

References:
1.        Shanjiang Tang, Bu-Sung Lee, Bingsheng He, “DynamicMR: A Dynamic Slot Allocation Optimization Framework for MapReduce Clusters”, IEEE Transactions, 2013.
2.        Wullianallur Raghupathi and Viju Raghupathi, “Big data analytics in healthcare: promise and potential”, Health Information Science and Systems 2014.
3.        Divyakant Agrawal, UC Santa Barbara, Philip Bernstein, Microsoft Elisa Bertino, Purdue Univ. ” Big Data White pdf”, from Nov 2011 to Feb 2012
4.        V.Sivaranjani, R.Jayamala, “Optimization of Workload Prediction Based on MapReduce Frammework in a Cloud System”, IJRET, 2014.
5.        Z.H. Guo, G. Fox, M. Zhou, Y. Ruan., “Improving Resource Utilization in MapReduce”, IEEE Cluster’12.
6.        Tom White, “Hadoop: The Definitive Guide”. 
7.        Chuck Lam, “Hadoop in Action”.

15-18

5.

Authors:

Abhijeet P. Wadekar, Rahul D. Pandit

Paper Title:

Comparative Study in Between Two Types of Fibres for Mechanical Behavior of High Strength

Abstract:  The use of High Strength Concrete (HSC) is incérasse rapidly. From the study of expérimental investigation, It has been observe that HSC is relatively brittle material. Fibres are added to improve its ductility. Experimental study is carried out to assess comparative study in between two types of fibres for mechanical properties of high strength fibre reinforced concrete (HSFRC) of grade M80. In addition to normal materials, silica fume, fly Ash and two types of fibres viz. polypropylene fibre and sound crimped steel fiber, are used. The content of silica fume and fly ash is 5% and 10% respectively by weight of cement. Water to cementitious material ratio was 0.25. Mixes are produced by varying types of fibres and for each type of fibre its volume fraction is varied from 0.5% to 4.0 % with an increment of 0.5% by weight of cementitious materials. 51 specimens each of cubes (100 100 100mm), cylinders (100 200mm) and prisms (100 100 500mm) are tested to study the effect type and volume fraction of fibres on compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of HSFRC. The results indicated significant improvement in mechanical properties of HSFRC. 

Keywords:  Polypropylene Fibres, sound crimped steel fiber, High Strength Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength

References:
1.        P.S.Song., S. Hwang., “Mechanical properties of high strength steel fibre-reinforced concrete”, Construction and Building MATERIALS, 18 (2004) 669-673
2.        S.P.Singh and S.K.Kaushik, “Flexural Fatigue Analysis of steel fibre reinforced concrete”,ACI Material Journal, Vol.98,No.4,July-August2001,pp.306-312.   
3.        Fuat Koksal and Fatih Altun, “Combine effect of Silica fume and steel fibre on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete”, Construction and building
materials, 23(2007), pp.441-454.
4.        Job Thomas and Ananth Ramaswamy, “ Mechanical Properties of Steel Fibres Reinforced  Concrete”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, May2007, Vol. 19,No.5, pp.385-392.
5.        P.Balaguru, Ramesh Narahari and Mahendra Patel “Flexural Toughness of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete”, ACI Materials Journal,Nov-Dec.1992, Vol.89, No.6, pp.-541-546.
6.        Faisal F.Wafa and Samir A. Ashour, “Mechanical Properties of high strength fibre-reinforced concrete”, ACI Materials Journal,Nov-Dec.1992, Vol.89, No.5, pp.-449-455.
7.        Paviz Soroushian and Ziad Bayasi, “Fiber-Type Effect on the Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete”, ACI Materials Journal, March-April.1991, Vol.88, No.2, pp.-.291-134.
8.        K.H.Tan, P.Paramasivam and K.C.Tan, “Instaneous and Long-Term Deflectgion of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beam”, ACI Structural Journal, July-August.1994, Vol.91, No.4, pp.-.384-393.
9.        S.P.Singh and S.K.Kaushik, “Fatigue Strength of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete in Flexural”, Cement and Concrete Composites, 2 September 2002, Vol.25, pp.-.779-786.
10.     C.S.Poon, S.C.Kou and L.Lam, “Compressive Strength, Chloride Diffusivity and Pore Structure of High Performance Metakaolin and Silica Fume Concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, August 2005, Vol. 20, pp.-.858-865.
11.     S.Bhaskar, Ravindra Gettu, B.H.Bharatkumar and M.Neelamegam, “Strength, Bond and Durability Related Properties of Concretes with Mineral Admixtures”, The Indian Concrete Journal, February 2012, pp.-.09-15.
12.     Avinash S. Pant and Suresh R. Parekar, “Steel Fibres Reinforced Concrete Beam Without Reinforcement Under Combined Bending, Shear and Torsion”, The Indian Concrete Journal, April 2012, pp.-.39-43.
13.     Vivek Bindiganavile, Farnaz Batool and Narayana Suresh, “ Effect of Fly Ash on thermal properties of cement based foams avaluated by transient plane heat source”, The Indian Concrete Journal, November 2012, pp.-.7-13.
14.     Subhash Mitra, Pramod K. Gupta and Suresh C. Sharma, “ Time-dependant strength gain in mass concrete using mineral admixtures”, The Indian Concrete Journal, November 2012, pp.-.15-22.
15.     IS: 516-1959, Edition 1.2 (1991-07), “Indian Standard for Methods of test for strength of concrete.
16.     Sadr Momtazi A, Ranjbar M. M., Balalaei F, Nemati R, “The effect of Iran’s Silica fume  in enhancing the concrete compressive strength”, Cement and Concrete Research,May 2011, pp.-1-7.
17.     Jian-Tong Ding and Zonglin Li, “ Effect of Metakaolin and Silica Fume on Properties of Cocrete”, ACI Material Journal, July-August 2002, Vol. 99, PP.-. 393-398.
18.     Rahul Jain, rishi Gupta, makrand G. Khare and Ashish A. Dharmadhikari, “ Use of Polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete as a construction material for rigid pavements”, The Indian Concrete Journal, March 2011, pp.-.45-53.
19.     IS: 456-2000, “Indian Standard for code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete”.
20.     IS: 383-1970. “Specification for course and Fine Aggregates from natural sources for concrete.” Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi.

19-22

6.

Authors:

Ishana Raina, Sourabh Gujar, Parth Shah, Aishwarya Desai, Balaji Bodkhe

Paper Title:

Twitter Sentiment Analysis using Apache Storm

Abstract:   In today’s highly developed world, every minute, people around the globe express themselves via various platforms on the Web. And in each minute, a huge amount of unstructured data is generated. This data is in the form of text which is gathered from forums and social media websites. Such data is termed as big data. User opinions are related to a wide range of topics like politics, latest gadgets and products. These opinions can be mined using various technologies and are of utmost importance to make predictions or for one-to-one consumer marketing since they directly convey the viewpoint of the masses. Here we propose to analyze the sentiments of Twitter users through their tweets in order to extract what they think. We classify their sentiments into three different polarities – “positive”, “negative” and “neutral.” Since, 6000 tweets are generated every second and this number is increasing, we need a robust system to process these tweets in real-time. Here, batch-processing would have its limitations and therefore a real-time and fault tolerant system, Apache Storm is used. After classifying the tweets, we represent the analysis in the form of graphs and charts which will enable our system users to understand public sentiments on the fly. This process as a whole is also called as Opinion Mining or voice of the customer.   

Keywords:   Batch-processing, Microblog, Opinion Mining, Polarity, Sentiment, Storm, Tweets, Unstructured data.   

References:
1.     Changbo Wang, Zhao Xiao, Yuhua Liu, Yanru Xu, Aoying Zhou, and Kang Zhang, “SentiView:    Sentiment Analysis and Visualization for Internet Popular Topics”, IEEE Transactions On Human-Machine Systems, Vol. 43, No. 6, November 2013
2.     Efthymios Kouloumpis, Theresa Wilson, Johanna Moore, “Twitter Sentiment Analysis: The Good the Bad and the OMG!”, Proceedings of the Fifth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media
3.     Rushabh Mehta, Dhaval Mehta, Disha Chheda, Charmi Shah and Pramila M. Chawan, “Sentiment Analysis and Influence Tracking using Twitter” in International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, Vol 1, Isuue 2, May 2012
4.     Apoorv Agarwal, Boyi Xie, Ilia Vovsha, Owen Rambow and Rebecca Passonneau, “Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data”, Department of Computer Science, Columbia University5.     Bo Pang and Lillian Lee, “Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis”, Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval Vol. 2, No 1-2 (2008)
6.     Aditya Pal & Scott Counts, “Identifying Topical Authorities in Microblogs”, WSDM'11, February 9–12, 2011, Hong Kong, China, Copyright 2011 ACM
7.     Jianshu Weng, Ee-Peng Lim, Jing Jiang, Qi He, “TwitterRank: Finding Topic-sensitive Influential Twitterers”, WSDM'10, February 4–6, 2010, New York City, New York, USA Copyright 2010 ACM.

23-26

7.

Authors:

Rahul Devchand Lakheri

Paper Title:

Static & Modal Analysis of X-Y-Flexural Mechanism

Abstract:    This paper is an attempt to study the effect of thickness, length & width variation of flexural member on static & Dynamic behavior of flexural mechanism. ANSYS Software is used to create parametric model of flexural mechanism and do both static & modal analysis. Due to parametric modeling once we created model of mechanism in ANSYS & apply all constrain & load conditions. By varying dimensions of flexural member we can plot graphs of Thickness VS Deflection, stress etc. Above graphs will allow us to optimize flexural member. As both static & Modal analysis is done. The results will be more effective & realistic for comparision.

Keywords:    Flexural member, Modal analysis of flexural mechanism, Deflection of flexural member

References:
1.        R.V., 1988, Instruments and Experiences: Papers on Measurement and Instrument Design,John Wiley & Sons
2.        Slocum A.H., 1992, Precision Machine Design, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI
3.        Blanding, D.K., 1999, Exact Constraint: Machine Design Using Kinematic Principles, ASME Press,New York
4.        Products P-721, P-750 and P-780, PhysikInstrumente Product Catalog, 2001, MicroPostioning,NanaoPositioning, NanoAutomation: Solutions for Cutting-Edge
Technologies
5.        S. Awatar, Synthesis and analysis of parallel kinematic xy flexure mechanism,PhD Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, see alsoURL http://web.mit.edu/~shorya/www/PHD/Thesis/Introduction.pdf.
6.        S. Awtar, A. H. Slocum, A Large Range XY Flexure Stage for Nanopositioning, Proceedings of 5th euspen International Conference - MontpellierFrance.
7.        Y. jun Choi, S. Sreenivasana, B. J. Choia, Kinematic design of large displacement precision XY positioning stage by using cross strip flexure joints and over-constrained mechanism, Mechanism and Machine Theory 43 (2008) 724–737.
8.        S. Awtar, A. H. Slocum, Constraint-Based Design of Parallel Kinematic XY Flexure Mechanisms, ASME Journal of Mechanical Design 129 (2007) 816–841.
9.        S. Awtar, E. Sevincer, Elastic averaginh in flexure mechanism: A multi-beam parallelogram flexure case study, Proceedings of IDETC/CIE 2006 ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference September 10-13, 2006, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (2006) 1–7.

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8.

Authors:

Laxmi Shankar Awasthi, Himanshu Pathak, Parth Singhal

Paper Title:

Zombie Attack: Need of Advance Prevention

Abstract:   Cloud security remains very popular these days, Since Industries are moving towards cloud services very rapidly. Security of cloud from data theft and data monitoring is still be debated. There are various ongoing research on how data can be secured and safe from the intrusion. But it is the matter of concern that there are no headway available for the permanent security against the zombie. Zombie attack is advancing day by day and it is difficult to detect in a network In this paper Author present an approach to explain the importance that up to what extent the zombie attack can be vulnerable for the society.

Keywords:   Zombie, botnets, DDoS

References:
1.        IEEE April 29 2014-May 1 2014, A cognitive approach for botnet detection using Artificial Immune System in the cloud by Kebande, Victor R. ; Information and Computer Security Architecture(ICSA), Research Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Pretoria, Lynwood Road, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa ; Venter, Hein.S. In Cyber Security, Cyber Warfare and Digital Forensic (CyberSec), 2014 Third International Conference .
2.        2013 Botnets and DDoS Attacks Report by Huawei Enterprise ICT solutions a better way..
3.        IEEE Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on  (Volume: 25, Issue: 9), Sep 2014, Can We Beat DDoS Attacks in Clouds? By Shui Yu ; Sch. of IT, Deakin Univ., Geelong, VIC, Australia ; Yonghong Tian ; Song Guo ; Wu, D.O..
4.        Cloud Computing: Analyzing Security Issues & Need of Prevention against Vulnerabilities, by Laxmi Shankar Awasthi, Himanshu Pathak, Parth Singhal , International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-4, Issue-1, March 2014
5.        2014 Data Breach investigations report, Verizon.
6.        Anselmi, D., Boscovich, R., et al. (2010). Security intelligence report. Technical Report Volume 9, Microsoft.
7.        A Sorphus Whitepper November 2013, Botnets: The dark side of cloud computing By Angelo Comazzetto, Senior Product Manager.
8.        Detecting Spam zombies by monitoring outgoing messages by Peng Chen, Florida State University, 10-17-2008.

34-35

9.

Authors:

R. Sumithra, Manjunatha.N

Paper Title:

An Exact Study of the Effects of Parabolic and Inverted Parabolic Temperature Gradients on Surface Tension Driven Magneto Convection in a Composite Layer

Abstract:    The problem of Surface tension driven Magneto-convection is investigated in a two layer system comprising an incompressible electrically conducting fluid saturated porous layer over which lies a layer of the same fluid in the presence of a vertical magnetic field.  The lower rigid surface of the porous layer is isothermal and the upper free surface is considered to be insulating to temperature perturbations without deformation.  At the upper free surface, the surface tension effects depending on temperature are considered. At the interface, the normal and tangential components of velocity, heat and heat flux are assumed to be continuous.  The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved exactly for both parabolic and inverted parabolic temperature profiles and analytical expressions of the Thermal Marangoni Number   are obtained.   Effects of variation of different physical parameters on the Thermal Marangoni Number for both profiles are compared.

Keywords:    Eigen value problem, Marangoni number, Surface tension, Temperature profiles

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36-46

10.

Authors:

Ghazy Al- Hamed, Shaker Turki Amin

Paper Title:

Theoretical Foundations of Relationship Marketing

Abstract:   This paper aims to explore the theoretical foundations of relationship marketing from the perspective of several authors-related disciplines, and to attempt a fresh perspective that seeks to integrate these contributions. Despite the recent popularity of research into relationship marketing, there is still some confusion surrounding the concept of and how it differs both from non relationship marketing and from other ways of managing marketing relationships. This confusion reflects, to some extent, the diverse origins of the concept and the scarcity of research into such fundamental questions as what is a relationship, and what forms of relationship are more or less suited under different circumstances to management through relationship marketing. Taking a broad approach to the subject, the paper explores and integrates these theoretical foundations. This article finds that an integrated account can be offered for the emergence of relationship marketing as a coherent area for research. Areas of marketing research with particular relevance to the development of research into relationship issues are: Internal marketing, Value creation rather than value distribution, Partnership and Strategic Alliances and interaction theory,. Future research into relationship marketing should focus on: the rationale, processes and structures involved in relationship marketing. The paper encompasses and integrates the diverse theoretical origins of relationship marketing and integrates the research traditions emerging from these origins as they relate to relationship marketing. The paper then considers the implications and priorities for the future development of research and theory in relationship marketing.

Keywords:   Relationship marketing; Internal marketing, Value creation rather than value distribution, Partnership and Strategic Alliances..

References:
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2.        Bejou D.  and Palmer A. (2005), The Future of Relationship Marketing, Journal of management & organization, ISBN: 0-7879031-62-0 2005 The Best Business Books, Binghamton, NY. Available on line: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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14.     Leo Y.M. el at. (2002), The effect of relationship marketing orientation on business performance in a service-oriented economy, Journal of Services Marketing Volume: 16 Issue: 7 pp: 656 – 676.
15.     Lindgreen, A. (2001) “A Framework for Studying Relationship Marketing Dyads”. Qualitative Market Research, Vol. 4 (2), pp. 75-87.
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47-53

11.

Authors:

Gamal. Y. Boghdadi, Hussein A. Saleem

Paper Title:

Groundwater Quality Assessment to Estimate its Suitability for Different Uses in Assiut Governorate, Egypt

Abstract:   Groundwater in Assiut governorate has a particular importance where it is the second source for fresh water used for drinking, agricultural, domestic, and industrial purposes. Three hundred and thirty five wells were available during the period 2006 to 2009, and were subjected to analysis for chemical characteristics. These data has been used to conclude two main results; the first one is preliminary evaluation of suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes by comparing those parameters with world health organization (WHO) standards and Egyptian standards. the second one is building the correlation matrix between the groundwater quality parameters which are major ions, EC, TDS, SAR, Na%, RSC, TH, KI, PI, MH, CAI, and C.R. with comparing chemical parameters with WHO (1996) and Egyptian standards for drinking, it shows that concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Hco3-, SO42−, and Fe are lower than the permissible limits  in 80% of wells. Groundwater wells were classified according TDS as about 93 % of wells have TDS less than 3000 mg/l, thus groundwater is suitable for irrigation..

Keywords:  Groundwater pollution, Groundwater quality, Assiut governorate, world health organization (WHO), standards and Egyptian standards...

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12.

Authors:

Amit Saxena, Leeladhar Kumar Gavel, Madan Madhaw Shrivas

Paper Title:

Rough Sets for Feature Selection and Classification: An Overview with Applications

Abstract:    Rough set theory provides a useful mathematical concept to draw useful decisions from real life data involving vagueness, uncertainty and impreciseness and is therefore applied successfully in the field of pattern recognition, machine learning and knowledge discovery. This paper presents an overview of basic concepts of rough set theory. The paper also surveys applications of rough sets in feature selection and classification.

Keywords:    Pattern recognition, feature selection, classification 

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62-69

13.

Authors:

Minakshi Sharma, Sonal Chawla

Paper Title:

Designing Constructivist Learning Environments Using a Concept Browser

Abstract:   Theory of constructivism is considered as the best way to promote self guided learning and involve the learner in his process of learning. Constructivist learning environments(CLE) are the models which are based on theory of constructivism. Concept maps can be effective tools in creating CLEs specially in the subject domains where the content is in structured form. Concept browsers present a tool that can be used to create a network of concept maps in such a manner that different concept maps are interlinked on the basis of common concepts or as generalization to specific relationships. These interrelated concept maps can be browsed simply like web and the concept nodes contain links to various content resources. Further, a CLE based on concept map networks created using concept browser may be extended into semantic web by incorporating RDF or ontologies at the back end for storing or retrieving knowledge repositories. The purpose of this paper is to 1) to study constructivism and its principles 2) constructivist learning environments, components and their design principles  3) study conceptual browsing and components of context maps and 4) how concept maps can be helpful in creation of constructivist learning environments.

Keywords: Concept browser, Constructivist learning environments, Conversation and collaboration tools, Information gathering tools, Knowledge construction tools, Learning systems, Pedagogical, Social, Technical, Theory of constructivism

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70-76

14.

Authors:

Tara Kamal Jalal, Samsul Draman, Muhammad Lokman Md Isa,  Mohammad Syaiful Bahari Abdull Rasad, Muhammad nor Omar, Muhammad Ibrahim, Ridhwan Abdul Wahab

Paper Title:

Evaluation of Antioxidant, Total Phenols and Flavonoids Content and Antimicrobial Actvities of Artocarpus Altilis (Breadfruit) of Underutilized Tropical Fruit Extracts

Abstract:  Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) pulp, peel and whole fruit were extracted with various solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol. The antioxidant activity of these extracts were examined using the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test IC50 ranged from 55±5.89 to 4851±111.00 µg/ml. In the β-carotene bleaching assay the antioxidant activity was 90.02±1.51% for the positive control (Trolox) and 88.34±1.31% for the pulp part of the fruit methanol extract. The total phenolic content of the crude extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure, methanol pulp part demonstrated the highest phenol content value of 6570.74±511.14 mg GAE/ g of dry sample. While the total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminium chloride colorimetric assay highest value of 5600.34±1000.91 mg QE/ g indicated by pulp part of the fruit methanol extract. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was tested using disc diffusion method against pathogenic microorganisms: S. aureus, S. epidermidis, B. cereus, S. typhimurium, E. coli, K. pneumonia and C. albicans. Methanol extract of pulp part was recorded to have the highest zone of inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC and MBC/MFC for the extracts were also determined using the microdilution method ranged from 4000-63 µg/ml against pathogenic microbes. The MBC/MFC values varied from 250 to 4000 µg/ml. A correlation between antioxidant activity assays, antimicrobial activity and phenolic content was established. The results shows that the various parts of A. altilis fruit extracts promising antioxidant activities have a potential bioactivities due to high content of phenolic compounds.

Keywords:   Artocarpus altilis, antioxidants, DPPH, antimicrobial, MIC and MBC/MFC 

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77-84

15.

Authors:

Hemant K. Sarje, Amol S. Autade

Paper Title:

Consequences of Protein Based Foaming Agent on Lightweight Concrete

Abstract:  The main objective of this project is to develop traditional or conventional concrete and simultaneously motivate the people about light weight concrete. This focuses on tests such as Compressive test, Water absorption, and flexural test only. The results obtained are interesting and useful to compare the results with that of traditional concrete. The main fortes of this concrete is to low density and thermal conductivity, Ultimately there is reduction of dead load, faster building rate in construction and lessen haulage and handling costs.

Keywords:  Light weight concrete blocks, Compressive test, Water absorption test, Flexural test.

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2.     Narayanan N, Ramamurthy K. “Structure and Properties of aerated concrete: A review”, Cement and Concrete composites, 200  pp.  321-329.
3.     A.M Neville (1985), “Properties of concrete”, Pitman publishing house, pp.139-14.
4.     “Is456 2000 Plain And Reinforced Concrete Code of Practice”, (Fourth Revision).
5.     Prakash T.M., Naresh kumar B.G., Karisiddappa, Raghunath S., “Properties of Aerated (Foamed) Concrete Blocks”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering
Research ISSN 2229-5518, Volume 4,Issue1,January-2013.
6.     K.Krishna Bhavani Siram, “Cellular Light-Weight Concrete Blocks as a Replacement of Burnt Clay Bricks”, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-2, Issue-2, December 2012.

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