Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

E0855112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:44:26 +0000

Inter-turn Fault Analysis of Synchronous Generator using Finite Element Method (FEM)
B. J. C. Prasad¹, B. V. Sanker Ram²
¹B.J.C. Prasad, Research Scholar, JNTUH, Hyderabad (Telangana), India.
²Dr. B.V. Sanker Ram, Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, JNTUH, Hyderabad (Telangana), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 150-156 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0855112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: A turn fault in the stator winding of a generator causes a large circulating current to flow in the shorted turns. If left undetected, turn faults can propagate, leading to phaseground or phase-phase faults. Incipient detection of turn’s faults is essential to avoid hazardous operating conditions and reduce down time. At present the synchronous generators are protected against almost all kind of faults using differential methods of protection. All kind of faults develops into inter winding fault by damaging inter winding insulation. So it is necessary to protect the synchronous generator from inter winding faults which represents the protection against all kind of faults. There are different method based techniques for analyzing generator incipient/inter turn faults on stator side. They are circuit based, field based, wavelet based, artificial intelligence based, fuzzy based, artificial neural networks based. Machine performance characteristics that could be monitored to diagnose the stator inter-turn fault in generator include line current, terminal voltage, torque pulsations, temperature rise due to excessive losses, shaft vibrations, air-gap flux and speed ripples. So in this we are developing a mathematical model or method based on online/offline condition monitoring system by analyzing various conditions and collecting various samples of voltage and current (i.e. normal and abnormal) for protection of generators against faults (i.e. means incipient/inter turn faults) on stator side. The main Objective is to develop a mathematical model or method based on online/offline condition monitoring system by analyzing various conditions (i.e. normal and abnormal) for protection of generators against faults (i.e. means incipient/inter turn faults) on stator side.
Keywords: Synchronous Generator, Windings, Internal Winding Faults, Fault Detection, Fault Diagnosis, Incipient Faults, ANSYS
Scope of the Article: Predictive Analysis

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E0876112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:39:08 +0000

A Study on Strength Characteristics of Expansive Soil-Flyash Mixes at Various Moulding Water Contents
P. V. V. Satyanarayana¹, S. Hemanth Kumar², P. Praveen³, B. V. Suresh Kumar⁴
¹P.V.V. Satyanarayana, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
²S. Hemanth Kumar, Post Graduation Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
³P. Praveen, Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
⁴B.V.Suresh Kumar, Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 145-149 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0876112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Road embankments, low lying areas require large quantities of soils for their construction. Structures like these located in expansive soil areas needs special attention for the use of local materials as construction materials. In this aspect use of stabilized materials needs special attention. Flyash is one such material can be mixed with expansive soils and used as Geotechnical material. In this an attempt is made for the utilization of Flyash in Bulk quantities by adding various percentages of Flyash to the expansive soils and verified their behaviour. Tests like compaction, UCS and CBR were performed on these mixes and identified that addition of Flyash increases the strength and decreases the swelling characteristics. From the test results it is also identified that high strength values were also obtained at plastic limits. An addition of 20-30% of Flyash needed to stabilize expansive soil are used as sub-grade and other construction materials in geotechnical applications.
Keywords: Expansive Soil, Flyash, Unconfined Compressive Strength, CBR.
Scope of the Article: Water Supply and Drainage

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E0886112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:33:46 +0000

Secure Data Storage in Cloud Service using RC5 Algorithm
Sachindra K. Chavan¹, Manoj L. Bangare²
¹Sachindra K. Chavan, P.G. Scholar, Department of IT, SKNCOE, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
²Manoj L. Bangare, Professor, Department of IT,SKNCOE, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on November 2013 | PP: 139-144 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0886112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Enterprises always used organizational internal storage system for storing data. Mainly in a Customer Relational Management i.e. CRM system, the internal storage will be used for storing all the data of the customer. On the other hand, the main drawbacks in the data storage is there may be intruder’s in the administrator side and they may acquire all the information about a customer. Above threats can happen in same service provider in a cloud computing environment. To overcome with this kind of challenges in cloud computing, there is need of an innovative algorithmic approach for data security in cloud computing. A CRM (Customer Relational Management) system services is represented in this paper using RC5 algorithm. In the proposed system the party that uses cloud storage services must encrypt data before sending it to cloud while the service provider who is responsible for encryption/decryption of the user’s data and then must delete data once encryption/decryption process is completed. In this paper the use of CRM services which demonstrates how the parties involved in secure storage and retrieval when data is saved to the cloud.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, CRM Service, Data Retrieval and Storage, Encryption/Decryption, RC5 algorithm, Secure Storage.
Scope of the Article: Data Mining

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E0895112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:30:49 +0000

Nanotechnology in Fibres and Textiles
Himansu Shekhar Mohapatra¹, Arobindo Chatterjee², Subhankar Maity³
¹Mr. Himansu Shekhar Mohapatra, Department of Textile Technology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute Of Technology, Jalandhar (Punjab), India.
²Dr. Arobindo Chatterjee, Department of Textile Technology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute Of Technology, Jalandhar (Punjab), India.
³Mr. Subhankar Maity, Department of Textile Technology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute Of Technology, Jalandhar (Punjab), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 132-138 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0895112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Nanoscience and nanotechnology are considered to be the key technology for the recent era. Efforts are being worldwide to create smart and intelligent textiles by incorporating various nano particles or by creating nanostructured surfaces and nanofibres which lead to unprecedented level of textile performance such as stain resistant, self cleaning, antistatic, UV protective and various chemical and mechanical properties. The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of nanotechnology for the fibre and textile industries in the world. The basics and impacts of nanotechnology are discussed in terms of various advanced products by different manufactured along with the properties of the products. With an appreciation of what nanotechnologies are emerging globally in the fibre and textile areas, the local industry will have the necessary background to ask the right questions and make informed decisions.
Keywords: Carbon Nanotubes Nanofibre, Electrospinning, Nanocomposites, Nanoparticles, Nanomaterial, Nanoemulsion, Plasma and Nanosphere.
Scope of the Article: Nanotechnology

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E0891112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:26:50 +0000

Binary Text-Image Steganography
Manisha Boora¹, Monika Gambhir²
¹Manisha Boora, Department of Electronics and Communication, N. C. C. E., Israna, Panipat (Haryana), India.
²Monika Gambhir, Department of Electronics and Communication, N.C.C.E., Israna, Panipat (Haryana), India
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 126-131 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0891112513/2013©BEIESP
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Abstract: Unlike encryption, steganography hides the very existence of secret information rather than hiding its meaning only. Image based steganography is the most common system used since digital images are widely used over the Internet and Web. The main aim of steganography is to increase the steganographic capacity and enhance the imperceptibility or undetectability. However, steganographic capacity and imperceptibility are at odds with each other. In addition, there is a tradeoff between both steganographic capacity and stego image quality. Hiding more data in cover images (higher capacity) introduces more artefacts into cover images and then increases the perceptibility of hidden data . Furthermore, it is not possible to simultaneously maximize the security and capacity of a steganographic system. Therefore, increasing steganographic capacity and enhancing stego image quality are still challenges. Secret image extraction is done by the proposed technique in which first the cover image is recovered by noise removal methods and then applying alpha blending. Since peak signal-tonoise ratio (PSNR) is extensively used as a quality measure of stego images, the reliability of PSNR for stego images is also evaluated in the work described in this dissertation. The proposed work is compared with the existing method using PSNR, MSE, NCC, MAD, SC as comparison parameters. Proposed technique reduces the requirement to keep record of cover images for secret information extraction. Otherwise for each information received, the receiver should also have the cover image saved with him. In the proposed technique I have tried to obtain the secret image from stego image without having cover image, considering secret image as noise. The technique deals with steganography in wavelet domain. Complete work can be seen as adding noise to cover image, and then using noise removal technique to obtain secret image. Soft thresholding and bilateral filtering used for removing noise are efficient. Experimental results shows that there’s a trade – off between stego image and secret image extracted. It is seen that as we increase the value of alpha, stego image degrades, but secret image improves. The secret image obtained is in visually acceptable form. Results shown are objective and subjective in nature.
Keywords: Alpha Blending, Arnold Transformation, Bilateral Filtering, DWT, Steganography, Soft Thresholding.
Scope of the Article: Text Mining

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E0890112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:22:28 +0000

Performance Evaluation of Logic Gates Based on Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor
Aparna Anand¹, S. R. P. Sinha²
¹Aparna Anand, Scholar, M. Tech, Department of Microelectronics Electronics, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow, (U.P.), India.
²S.R.P. Sinha, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow, (U.P.), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 120-125 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0890112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNFETs) are being widely studied as the possible alternatives to the conventional silicon-MOSFETs. In this paper we have successfully designed the CNFET-based digital logic gates and compared them with the existing CMOS technology based logic gates. The designs are modeled using 32-nm technology for both CNFET and CMOS technology, using Stanford University’s MOSFET-like CNFET model [6] [7] and 32-nm BSIM PTM (Predictive Technology Model) respectively. For CNFET-based circuits, the compact SPICE model including non-idealities, which has been used for simulations, is the standard model that has been designed for unipolar MOSFET-like CNTFET devices, in which each transistor may have one or more Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs). HSPICE simulations have been performed on the logic gates designed using both these technologies and their output behaviors have been extensively studied at different supply voltages keeping the designs at room temperature. The performances are evaluated in terms of power, delay and PDP to show that it is possible to reduce the delay and the power consumption of the logic gates by replacing the CMOS transistors of the design with the emerging CNFETs.
Keywords: Carbon Nanotube (CNT), CNT Field Effect Transistor (CNFET), Logic Gates. HSPICE
Scope of the Article: Fuzzy Logics

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E0857112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:17:24 +0000

A Secure Process of Hiding Data in Motion Vector of Compressed Video Based on Artifacts
Sonal Jain¹, Brajlata Chourasiya²
¹Sonal Jain, Department of Electronics and Communication Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Science, Jabalpur (M.P), India.
²Brajlata Chourasiya, Asst. Prof., Department of Electronics and Communication Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Science, Jabalpur (M.P), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 116-119 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0857112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: There are many researches that have been proposed for hiding the data into digital videos. Most of those schemes uses the attributes of motion vectors like amplitude, phase angle etc. This paper deals with hiding data in compressed video where motion vectors are used to encode and reconstruct both the forward predictive (P-) frame and bidirectional (B-) frames in the compressed video. The subset of motion vectors are chosen based their associated macro block prediction error. Pertinent features will be collected from the motion in between the frames as in the form of the vectors in association with macro blocks and depending on the motion message is going to be hidden. To achieve the robustness a adaptive threshold is searched and low predictive error level is retained. Secret message bits are hidden in Least significant bit of both components of candidate motion vector. The evaluation will be based on two criteria: minimum distortion to reconstructed video and minimum overhead on compressed video size
Keywords: Data Hiding, Minimum Picture Expert Group (MPEG), Motion Vectors, Prediction Error, Steganography
Scope of the Article: Data Analytics

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E0861112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 11:12:18 +0000

Optimization of EDM Characteristics of WC/5ni Composites using Response Surface Methodology
V. Chandrasekaran¹, D. Kanagarajan², R. Karthikeyan³
¹V. Chandrasekaran, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar (Tamilnadu), India.
²Dr. D. Kanagarajan, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar (Tamilnadu), India.
³Dr. R. Karthikeyan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Dubai.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 108-115 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0861112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Electric discharge machining (EDM) has achieved remarkable success in the manufacture of conductive ceramic materials for the modern metal industry. The mathematical models are proposed for the modeling and analysis of the effects of machining parameters on the performance characteristics in the EDM process of WC/5Ni, Which is produced through powder metallurgy route. Response surface methodology (RSM)is used to explain the influences of four machining parameters ; tool rotational speed(S), discharge current(C), pulse-on time(T) and flushing pressure(P) on the performance characteristics of the material removal rate (MRR), and surface roughness (Ra). The experiment plan adopts the central composite design (CCD). The separable influence of individual machining parameters and the interaction between these parameters are also investigated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study highlights that the proposed mathematical models have proven to fit and predict values of performance characteristics close to those readings recorded experimentally with a 95% confidence interval. Results shows that are the two significant factors affecting material removal rate (MRR) are discharge current and flushing pressure. The discharge current, flushing pressure and electrode rotation have statistical significance on the surface roughness (Ra).
Keywords: Electro Discharge Machining (EDM), Material Removal Rate (MRR), Surface Roughness (Ra), Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Scope of the Article: Discrete Optimization

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E0868112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 10:53:46 +0000

Enhancement of Back off Algorithm in CSMA/CA
Vijaya Sagvekar¹, Vidya Sagvekar²
¹Vijaya R. Sagvekar, Department of Computer Engineering, University of Mumbai, M. Tech., Information Technology, NMIMS University, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
²Vidya R. Sagvekar Department of Electronics Engineering, Pune University, M.E. Electronics Telecommunication Engineering, Mumbai University, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 102-107 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0868112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are useful in environment where fixed network infrastructure is unavailable. To function normally, MANETs demand an efficient and distributed medium access control (MAC) protocol. However, characteristics of MANETs such as radio link vulnerability, mobility, limited power pose great challenges on MAC design. Through this report, firstly identifying the challenges that are facing MAC in MANETs. Then presenting discussion on the problems with IEEE 802.11, especially those relevant in a singlehop and multihop networks and various techniques that have been proposed to enhance the channel utilization of wireless networks.
Keywords: Medium Access Control (MAC), Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), Quality of Service (QoS), Fairness, Energy Efficiency
Scope of the Article: Algorithm Engineering

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E0898112513

IJRTE Journal — Tue, 08 Nov 2022 10:46:51 +0000

Review of Delay and Cost Efficient Methods in Cloud Computing
Ninad Shinde¹, J. Ratnaraja Kumar²
¹Mr. Ninad Shinde, M.E. Department of Computer Science Genba Sopanrao Moze College Of Engineering, Balewadi, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
²Prof. J. Ratnaraja Kumar, Genba Sopanrao Moze College Of Engineering, Balewadi, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on 21 November 2013 | Revised Manuscript received on 28 November 2013 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2013 | PP: 98-101 | Volume-2 Issue-5, November 2013 | Retrieval Number: E0898112513/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Now days the approach of cloud computing is providing utility oriented computer services to end users all over the world. At same time, cloud users can make number of requests for different cloud services and their resources. With help cloud we can able to access our personal or public data or applications from anyplace and anywhere. Many commercial companies from the world can able to take the required resources on rent from the cloud for storage of their private data as well as for other purposes. This can help companies to reduce their costs in using extra infrastructures significantly. Cloud can offer companies security to their applications or data and allow its access to them based on pay-as-you-go model. As the number of requests to cloud computing for their usages resulted into the disadvantages as well. The main challenge in cloud computing is related to the efficient allocation of their resources. If there is no optimized technique for resource allocation in cloud computing then it resulted into long delays, end user hang out, request failure. Hence it is required to use optimized resource allocation technique with aim of minimizing resource allocation delays and their costs. In this paper we are aiming to present different techniques for resource allocation in cloud computing.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Resource Allocation, Cost Optimization, Resource Management, Quality of Service.
Scope of the Article: Cloud Computing

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