Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) https://www.ijrte.org Exploring Innovation | ISSN:2277-3878(Online) | A Periodical Journal | Reg. No.: C/819981 | Published By BEIESP Tue, 30 Sep 2025 04:00:41 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://www.ijrte.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/cropped-IJRTE-Logo-WS-32x32.png Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) https://www.ijrte.org 32 32 D830014041125 https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/d830014041125/ Fri, 26 Sep 2025 04:51:20 +0000 https://www.ijrte.org/?post_type=portfolio&p=49954 The post D830014041125 appeared first on International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE).

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Research and Development of Hybrid Electric Wheelchairs
Hirofumi Maeda

Prof. Hirofumi Maeda, Department of Information Science and Technology, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Yuge College, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. 

Manuscript received on 02 September 2025 | Revised Manuscript received on 10 September 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2025 | PP: 14-21 | Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.D830014041125 | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.D8300.14030925

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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In Japan, the “Act on Promotion of Smooth Transportation, etc. of Elderly Persons, Disabled Persons, etc.: Barrier-Free Act” was enacted in 2006 to improve the accessibility of public transportation, roads, parks, and buildings, enabling elderly individuals and persons with disabilities to lead independent daily and social lives. At that time, public elementary and junior high schools, etc., were added to the list of “special designated buildings” under the Barrier-Free Act. Therefore, in facilities of public elementary and junior high schools, as well as other similar institutions, compliance with barrier-free standards is not only mandatory for construction projects of a particular scale or larger, but existing buildings are also subject to a duty to strive for compliance with these standards. However, since the budget required to rebuild facilities cannot be secured, barrier-free modifications are often implemented through renovations to existing facilities. Therefore, the upgrades have been limited to measures such as installing handrails and ramps, and sufficient width for passageways has not been secured. Especially in schools other than higher education institutions, insufficient land area is often secured, making the space feel cramped for wheelchair users. Furthermore, such schools have a higher population density than other facilities and a greater number of immature students, leading to frequent occurrences of running, sudden changes in direction, and unexpected movements. This must be considered a hazardous environment for wheelchair users. Therefore, this paper describes the implementation of a hybrid system combining manual and automatic control by installing a versatile, dedicated joystick for electric wheelchairs onto a commercially available, low-cost electric wheelchair. It also details the modification methodology and confirms that the hybridization does not compromise the inherent performance of the electric wheelchair itself.

Keywords: Electric Wheelchair, Hybrid, System Construction, System Control, Educational Site.
Scope of the Article: Mechanical Engineering and Applications

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]]> D829914041125 https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/d829914041125/ Fri, 26 Sep 2025 04:43:26 +0000 https://www.ijrte.org/?post_type=portfolio&p=49952 The post D829914041125 appeared first on International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE).

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Mechanical Properties of Hardened Geopolymer Concrete Mixes Including Nano Particles: A Comprehensive Review
Mostafa Hassan

Mostafa Hassan, Assistant Professor, Construction and Building Engineering Department, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt.  

Manuscript received on 01 September 2025 | Revised Manuscript received on 09 September 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2025 | PP: 30-37 | Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.D829914041125 | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.D8299.14030925

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Abstract: The increase in global warming due to CO2 emissions from cement production is a critical problem, considering climate change these days. The alternative binder, instead of cement in the production of concrete, is to find a material that has the same chemical properties, is cost-effective, and is more sustainable than ordinary Portland cement, to mitigate the harmful CO2 impact on the environment and human beings. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the mechanical properties of various sustainable precursor-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes, including those incorporating nanoparticles, in comparison to GPC without nanoparticles. This study aims to demonstrate a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties and durability of GPC, based on research conducted in this field. Different precursors were used in the production of GPC, including fly ash, metakaolin (MK), ground granulated blast furnace slag, and silica fume, which are the primary sources of alumina and silica. The nanoparticles used in GPC mixes are silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, clay nanoparticles, alumina nanoparticles, and graphene oxide nanoparticles, each separately, to enhance the mechanical properties in different precursor-based GPC mixes. Moreover, the mechanical properties of hardened GPC, including nanoparticles, will provide compressive strength, tensile strength, and splitting tensile strength, among others. An optimum percentage of 0.35% nano graphene oxide and 2% carbon nanotubes, separately added to FA-based GPC, enhances the mechanical properties of GPC. The maximum limit for nano alumina is up to 3% for FA-based GPC, after which the mechanical strength will decline significantly. Furthermore, the maximum limit of carbon nanotubes is 2% in FA-based GPC, and then the strength will be reduced.

Keywords: Nano Silica, Carbon Nanotube, Nano Graphene Oxide, Nano Alumina, Geopolymer Concrete.
Scope of the Article: Concrete Engineering

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]]> C829814030925 https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/c829814030925/ Fri, 26 Sep 2025 04:33:38 +0000 https://www.ijrte.org/?post_type=portfolio&p=49947 The post C829814030925 appeared first on International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE).

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Formulation and Analysis of Dragon Fruit (Selenicereus Undatus) Fermented Water Kefir: A Non-Dairy Probiotic Alternative
Abhilash Narayandas1, Bammidi Madhuri2, Munaga Ajay Gopal3, Sadam Naga Divya4, K. Ruchita Sree5

1Abhilash Narayandas, Department of Food Technology, School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2Bammidi Madhuri, Department of Food Technology, School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

3Munaga Ajay Gopal, Student, Department of Food Technology, School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

4Sadam Naga Divya, Student, Department of Food Technology, School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

5K. Ruchita Sree, Student, Department of Food Technology, School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. 

Manuscript received on 29 August 2025 | Revised Manuscript received on 12 September 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2025 | PP: 22-29 | Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.C829814030925 | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C8298.14030925

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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This study examines the development, composition, and health benefits of probiotic drinks created by fermenting watermelon rinds with dragon fruit juice. The increasing demand for non-dairy, probiotic-rich drinks is being explored for Water Kefir, a fermented beverage recognised for its high lactic acid content, low alcohol content, and favourable microbial composition. Rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, dragon fruits are an ideal substrate that provides both flavour and nutritional value. This study evaluates the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of the resulting beverage. The results show that this drink contains important probiotic activities, supported by inexpensive microbial profiles, including Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and yeast species. This study utilises water fermentation with dragon fruit juice, making kefir a sustainable and nutritious alternative to probiotics, suitable for lactose-intolerant and herbal consumers, and addresses the increasing preference for non-fine probiotic options.

Keywords: Probiotic Beverage, Water Kefir, Dragon Fruit Juice, Lactic Acid, Antioxidants, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Nutrient-Dense, Lactose-Intolerant.
Scope of the Article: Recent Engineering & Technology

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]]> C828614030925 https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/c828614030925/ Fri, 19 Sep 2025 06:24:24 +0000 https://www.ijrte.org/?post_type=portfolio&p=49941 The post C828614030925 appeared first on International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE).

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Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Sensing Radio Spectrum for NextGen Wireless Networks
Srinu Sesham1, Nalina Suresh2, Abisai Fillipus Mateus Shilomboleni3

1Srinu Sesham, Senior Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Namibia, Ongwediva, Namibia.

2Nalina Suresh, Senior Lecturer, Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.

3Abisai Fillipus Mateus Shilomboleni, Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Namibia, Ongwediva. Namibia. 

Manuscript received on 04 July 2025 | First Revised Manuscript received on 24 July 2025 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 18 August 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2025 | PP: 8-13 | Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.C828614030925 | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C8286.14030925

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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Sensing radio bands to improve the spectrum sharing capability for emerging wireless networks is crucial. In recent years, numerous data-driven models have been applied to detect radio bands. However, these approaches often suffer from poor generalization due to limited and noisy training data. To address this, domain-specific physical knowledge is incorporated into the neural network training through a physics loss term that regularizes feature representations towards an ideal feature vector extracted from reference (noiseless high-SNR) signal. The feature vector comprises higher-order moments, including energy metrics derived from the received signal samples. The proposed physicsinformed neural network (PINN) jointly minimises a standard binary cross-entropy loss and a physics-based squared Euclidean distance loss, balancing empirical risk with physical consistency via a tunable hyperparameter. Extensive simulations over a wide range of SNR values and multiple physical regularization strengths demonstrate that PINN significantly outperforms conventional energy and artificial neural networks-based sensing models. The proposed PINN model can sense signals down to -12 dB at Pd ≥ 90% with a lower dataset size compared to traditional data-driven models, achieving the same performance. The proposed work highlights the benefit of integrating physical priors into neural network models for spectrum sensing. It opens pathways for enhanced cognitive radio designs capable of reliable signal detection under practical channel impairments.

Keywords: Physics-Informed Neural Network, Spectrum Sensing, Signal-to-noise ratio, Detection accuracy, ROC curves.
Scope of the Article: Artificial Intelligence and Methods

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]]> B828414020725 https://www.ijrte.org/portfolio-item/b828414020725/ Fri, 19 Sep 2025 06:14:11 +0000 https://www.ijrte.org/?post_type=portfolio&p=49939 The post B828414020725 appeared first on International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE).

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Study of the Influence of the Charge and the Size of the Abrasive Grains on the Wear Resistance of Wood Particles: Application to Thieghemella Heckelii, Khaya Anthotheca and Pericopsis Elata
Ngouffo Koukougnang René1, Takoudjou Talla Aubin2, Azeufack Tonfack Ulrich Gael3, Claude Takoumbe4, Mabekou Takam Jeanne Sandrine5, Talla Pierre Kisito6

1Ngouffo Koukougnang René, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Buea, Kumba, Cameroon, Mechanics and Adapted Materials Laboratory (LAMMA) Douala Cameroon.

2Takoudjou Talla Aubin, Department of Physical, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.

3Azeufack Tonfack Ulrich Gael, Department of Mechanics and Industrial Engineering, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.

4Claude Takoumbe, Mechanics and Adapted Materials Laboratory (LAMMA) Douala Cameroon.

5Mabekou Takam Jeanne Sandrine, Department of Physical, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon,

6Talla Pierre Kisito, Department of Physical, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon. 

Manuscript received on 01 July 2025 | First Revised Manuscript received on 13 July 2025 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 16 August 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2025 | PP: 1-7 | Volume-14 Issue-3, September 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijrte.B828414020725 | DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.B8284.14030925

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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In this paper, the effects of normal loading and abrasive grain size on the friction and wear behaviour of two-body abrasive wear for the species Thieghemella heckelii, Khaya anthotheca and Pericopsis elata, commonly known as makore, mahogany and assamela, respectively, were investigated. The abrasion tests were conducted at a rotational speed of 40 rpm for a period of 250 s, with load levels of 250 g, 500 g, and 750 g, using abrasive wheels with grain sizes of P600, P120, P80, and P60 in dry friction conditions. Before the wear tests, a study of the physico-mechanical properties was carried out. It was found that makore is less dense and more elastic than mahogany and assamela. Furthermore, the abrasion results showed that the worn volume increases linearly with time as the pull-out strength of the wood particles increases with their elasticity. The irregularity observed in the three-body abrasion of some wood species above a particular value of abrasive grain size was observed in the abrasion of our species at all three load levels. Indeed, the abrasion technique used reveals the abrasion resistance at all angles of attack. However, the effect of the size of the abrasive grains is not observed on the variation of the friction coefficient. Furthermore, the evolution of the friction coefficient with time observed in a contact between a smooth and a rough surface was also observed when the operating conditions became stable in the contact. At high loads, the wear coefficient decreases and reaches a critical value from which the evolution is constant for the smaller grain diameters (P600) as long as the decrease is moderate for the remaining abrasive grains. Similarly, as the load increases, the friction coefficient decreases to a moderate value.

Keywords: Abrasive Grain Size Wear Coefficient, Abrasive Wear, Friction, Khaya Anthotheca, Pericopsis Elata, Thieghemella Heckelii.
Scope of the Article: Mechanical Engineering and Applications

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