Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)

E0373101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 10:20:38 +0000

A survey on Application of Ferroelectric Materials for Fabrication of Microstrip Patch Antennas
Uma Shankar Modani¹, Gajanand Jagrawal²
¹Dr. Uma Shankar Modani, Department of ECE, Government Engineering College, Ajmer (Rajasthan), India.
²Gajanand Jagrawal, Department of ECE, Government Engineering College, Ajmer (Rajasthan), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 65-72 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0373101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Ferroelectric Materials (FEM’s) are Very Attractive Because Their Dielectric Constant can be Modulated Under the Effect of an externally applied electric field perpendicular to the direction of propagation of a signal. In this paper, classification, properties and application of ferroelectric material for the fabrication of microstrip patch antennas is discussed.
Keywords: Ferroelectric Materials and Microstrip Patch Antenna.
Scope of the Article: Smart Antenna

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E0372101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 10:15:14 +0000

A Review on Implementation of Automatic Movement Controlled Using Gesture Recognition
V. B. Katariya¹, Y. N. Makwana², P. A. Goswami³
¹Mr. V.B. Katariya, Department of Electronics and Communication, Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, Gujarat Technological University, Rajkot (Gujarat ), India.
²Prof. Y.N.Makawana, Department of Electronics and Communication, Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, Gujarat Technological University, Rajkot (Gujarat ), India.
³Mr. P.A.Goswami, Department of Electronics and Communication, Amrutlal Virlal Parekh Technical Institute , Rajkot (Gujrat), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 61-64 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0372101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Nowadays, computer interaction is mostly done using dedicated devices. Abundant amount of input devices are used to interact with the computer world or more precisely saying to digital world and very less through gestures made by body movements. Concepts of assistive technology are one of them used for controlling the input from mouse movements, like by detecting the eye, hand, face etc movements of a user with the help of eye tracking system, hand gestures through wearable devices, etc. Our focus is in moving mouse cursor on the screen without using any hardware which is used very often now-a-days i.e. mouse. We use the newly born technology for this purpose. We implement computer mouse movement through finger by image processing using latest Technology which gets processed in MATLAB without and with using gesture recognition.
Keywords: Color Recognition, Camera, Image Processing, Keyboard, MATLAB, Mouse
Scope of the Article: Image Processing

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E0371101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 10:10:50 +0000

A Review Paper on Implementation & Comparative Analysis of Motion Estimation Algorithm in Video Compression
N.K. Nakum¹, A.M.Kothari²
¹N.K.Nakum Student, Master of Engineering, Department of Electronics and Communication, Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, (GTU). Rajkot (Gujrat), India.
²A.M.Kothari, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, Atmiya Institute of Technology and Science, (GTU). Rajkot (Gujrat), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 57-60 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0371101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This paper is a review of the block matching algorithms. The motion estimation algorithm is one of the most important issues in the video coding standards. To achieve a high compression ratio in coding video data, a method known as Motion Estimation (ME) is often applied to reduce the temporal redundancy between successive frames of a video sequence. This paper shows implementations and comparison of different types of block matching algorithms that range from the very basic Exhaustive Search to the recent fast adaptive algorithms.
Keywords: Block Matching, Motion Estimation, Video Compression, H.261.
Scope of the Article: Algorithm Engineering

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E0366101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 10:04:08 +0000

Some Rules to Transform Activity Diagrams into Colored Petri Nets
Bhawana Agarwal
Bhawana Agarwal, M. Tech. Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 51-56 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0366101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This paper presents a set of rules that allows software engineers to transform the behavior described by a UML 2.0 Activity Diagram (AD) into a Colored Petri Net (CPN). ADs in UML 2.0 are much richer than in UML 1.x, namely by allowing several traces to be combined in a unique diagram, using high-level operators over interactions. The main purpose of the transformation to Petri nets is to use the theoretical results in the Petri nets domain to analyze the equivalent Petri nets and infer properties of the original workflow. Thus, non-technical stakeholders are able to discuss and validate the captured requirements. The usage of this model is an important topic , since it permits the user to discuss the system behavior using the problem domain language. A small control application from industry is used to show the applicability of the suggested rules.
Keywords: Activity Diagram, Petri Nets, Colored Petri Nets, Verification and Validation.
Scope of the Article: Aggregation, Integration, and Transformation

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E0347101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:59:31 +0000

A Study on Modeling of MIMO Channel by Using Different Neural Network Structures
Hadi Alipour¹, Mohammad Reza Noorbakhsh², Zahra Mansourian³
¹Hadi Alipour, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
²Mohammad Reza Noorbakhsh, Department of Education, Shiraz, Iran.
³Zahra Mansoorian, free university, Yazd Meybod, Iran.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 47-50 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0347101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Recognition of Radio Channel (channel Parameters) is one of Main Challenges in Signal Transformation, and has important role in cognitive radio approach. Goal of this paper is “Channel modeling” to estimate coefficients of transmission functions affected on data being transformed in the channel. We use Multilayer perceptron(MLP) Neural Network with Back-propagation learning algorithm, block-structured Neural Network with Least Squares(LS) method(cost function) and a multilayer neural network with multiple back-propagation(MBP) learning algorithm for error estimation. These networks will be trained with received signals to be compatible with channel, then give us an estimation of these coefficients. Simulation will show that this MBP method is better than the other two method in error estimation. It has good performance and also consume less execution time. Then, we will use this network for estimating coefficients of non-linear transmission functions of actual radio channel.
Keywords: Cognitive Radio, Channel Recognition, Channel Modeling, Least Squares, Multiple Back-propagation(MBP), Neural Network, Transmission function.
Scope of the Article: Neural Information Processing

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E0341101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:38:15 +0000

SVPWM based DTC of Three Level Voltage fed Open End Winding Induction Motor
G.Satheesh¹, T. Bramhananda Reddy², Ch. Sai Babu³
¹G. Satheesh, Department of EEE, G.P.R.E.C., Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh), India.
²Dr. T. Bramhananda Reddy, Department of EEE, G.P.R.E.C., Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh) India.
³Dr. CH. Sai Babu, Department of Electrical Engineering, J. N. T. U., Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 40-47 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0341101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: A Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) based Direct Torque Control (DTC) of Dual Inverter Fed Open End Winding Induction Motor is analyzed in this paper. A SVPWM based, 3 level phase voltages are generated with two individual two level inverters. In this method, first inverter pulses are generated normally and second inverter pulses are generated with 180 degrees phase shift. But at a particular state of switching first inverter is switched in all states and second inverter is clamped to that active state. In the next state of switching the second inverter is switched in all states and first inverter is clamped to corresponding active state. One inverter output is superimposed on the other inverter, resulting a 3-level line voltage waveform for the induction motor. The imaginary switching time concept is used in the proposed method. It does not require any procedures for calculation of regions in space voltage vector and angle calculations sector identification. The imaginary switching time greatly reduces the complexity of the algorithm. Simulation studies have been carried out for the proposed scheme and results are presented.
Keywords: DTC, Dual Inverter, NSHC Algorithm, OEWIM, SVPWM.
Scope of the Article: Algorithm Engineering

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E0368101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:32:32 +0000

Approach to Improve Quality of E-Commerce
Satish R. Billewar¹, D. Henry Babu²
¹Satish R. Billewar, PhD Scholar, JJT University, Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan), India.
²D. Henry Babu, Director, Sterling Institute of Management Studies, Nerul, Navi Mumbai (M.H), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 36-39 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0368101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: E-Commerce is the purpose of Internet and the web to conduct business. E-Commerce is the future of the businesses of 21st Century. But E-Commerce companies are facing big problems at the time of providing products to customers online. The problem is not about the quality of the products, but the information is not reaching to the customers easily and whatever information is available on the web sites of the companies that are not satisfying the traditional product purchase habit of the customer. Now the need arise to redefine the quality in the applications of the web sites as well as the implementation issues that become hurdle in E-Commerce business activities. The global and Indian E-Commerce sales statistics shows the internet penetration worldwide and E-Commerce Users World Statistics to address the reasons why the people have not accepted E-Commerce in India. The study addresses to various quality issues of the web sites which are neglected to fulfill the requirements of thee customers, and propose Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation as the best solution to sort out the issues.
Keywords: E-Commerce; E-Commerce Applications; Total Quality Management (TQM); Quality Issues.
Scope of the Article: E-Commerce

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E0365101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:22:16 +0000

Sensorless Speed Control of Induction Motor using MRAS
G. Pydiraju¹, M. Daivaasirvadam²
¹G. Pydiraju, PG Student, Department of E.E.E, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology, Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
²M. Daivaasirvadam, Assistant Professor, Department of E.E.E, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology, Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 31-35 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0365101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In order to implement the vector control technique, the motor speed information is required. Tachogenerators, resolvers or incremental encoders are used to detect the speed. These sensors require careful mounting and alignment and special attention is required with electrical noises. Speed sensor needs additional space for mounting and maintenance and hence increases the cost and the size of the drive system .These problems are eliminated by speed sensorless vector control by using model reference adaptive system. Model reference adaptive system is a speed estimation method having two models namely reference and adaptive model .The error between two models estimates induction motor speed. This project proposes a Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) for estimation of speed of induction motor. An Induction motor is developed in stationary reference frame and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is used for inverter design. PI controllers are designed controlling purpose. It has good tracking and attains steady state response very quickly which is shown in simulation results by using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Keywords: Sensor less Vector Control, Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS), Induction Motor, Stationary Reference Frame, Speed Estimation.
Scope of the Article: Sensor Networks

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E0360101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:17:46 +0000

Automated Entity Alias Evocation from Web
Snehal S. Shinde¹, P. R. Devale²
¹Snehal S. Shinde, Department of Computer Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Deemed University College of Engineering, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
²P. R. Devale, Department of Information Technology, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Deemed University College of Engineering, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 29-30 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0360101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Identifying the correct reference to an entity among a list of references is required in lots of works such as information retrieval, sentiment analysis, person name disambiguation as well as in biomedical fields. More previous work had been done on solving lexical ambiguity here we proposed a method that is based on referential ambiguity. In this paper we proposed a method which is based on referential ambiguity to extract correct alias for a given name. Given a person name and/or with context data such as location, organization retrieves top K snippets and depth up to level two from a web search engine. With the help of Lexical pattern extract candidate aliases. As to find correct alias from a list of aliases we used n-depth crowling method. This method is useful to improve the precision and minimize the recall than the previous baseline method.
Keywords: Web mining, Qeb Text Analysis, Text Mining, N-depth Crawling.
Scope of the Article: Web mining

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E0353101512

IJRTE Journal — Mon, 14 Nov 2022 09:11:49 +0000

Application of Genetic Algorithm in Software Security
Devendra Thakore¹, Torana Kamble²
¹Prof Devendra Thakore, Ph.D. Student, Bharati Vidyappeth University, College of Engineering, Pune (M.H), India.
²Torana Kamble, M. Tech. Student, Bharati Vidyappeth University, College of Engineering, Pune (M.H), India.
Manuscript received on 18 November 2012 | Revised Manuscript received on 25 November 2012 | Manuscript published on 30 November 2012 | PP: 24-28 | Volume-1 Issue-5, November 2012 | Retrieval Number: E0353101512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Assigning access specifier is not an easy task as it decides over all security of any software .Though there are many metrics tools available in a market to measure the security at early stage. But in this case assignment of access specifier is totally based on the human judgment and understanding .Objective of proposed tool is to generate all possible solutions by applying Genetic Algorithm (GA). Our Secure Coupling Measurement Tool (SCMT) uses coupling, feature of OO design to determine the security at design level. It Takes input as a UML class diagram with basic constraints and generates alternate solutions i.e. combinations. Tool also provides metrics at code level to compute the security at code level. Result of both the metrics give proof of secure design with the help of spider chart as well as scope to change the design
Keywords: Coupling, Genetic Algorithm, Quality, Security, Software Metrics
Scope of the Article: Algorithm Engineering

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